Deceivers and False Prophets
Jesus began his ‘Olivet Discourse’ with an ominous warning about coming deceivers who will claim his authority and spread rumors about wars and other calamities, thereby setting false expectations about the “end.” In this way, “many” individuals will be deceived. He repeated this warning at pivotal points in the Discourse. For example, prior to the “arrival of the Son of Man on the clouds, MANY false prophets will arise and deceive many.”
No subject receives more stress in the Discourse
than warnings about deceivers and “false prophets.” Their purpose is to mislead
his followers, “even the elect,” and they do so by spreading false information
and setting incorrect expectations about the return of Jesus and the events leading
up to it.
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| [Photo by Dave Hoefler on Unsplash] |
Jesus gave a list of natural and manmade calamities that he stated do NOT signal the arrival of the “end.” Yet, these events constitute the very evidence offered by the deceivers as proof of the rapidly approaching return of the Lord.
In the passage, the emphasis is on what
disciples will “HEAR,” presumably, from the very same “deceivers”
he warned were coming.
- (Mark 13:5-8) – “And Jesus began to say to them: Beware, lest anyone deceive you, for many will come on my name, SAYING, I am he, and will deceive many. And when you HEAR of wars and RUMORS of wars, be not alarmed; it must come to pass, but not yet is the end. For there will arise nation against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, there will be earthquakes in places, there will be famines. These things are a beginning of birth pains.”
The point is not that disasters will not
occur, but they are NOT signs of the “end,” things that may be
used to calculate the nearness of his arrival and the “consummation of the
age.”
For emphasis, the warning is placed at the start
of the Discourse. Deceivers have plagued the church since its founding, and there
is a long history of heightened end-time expectations caused by false teachers and
prophets who point to these very events as harbingers of the Second Coming.
In the clause, “for many will come on the
basis of my name,” the Greek conjunction gar translated as “for”
is used to introduce the explanation of the preceding statement. Hence, many will
be deceived BECAUSE false prophets make claims “on” (epi)
Christ’s name about the future.
“Moreover, you will hear of wars and
reports of wars.” The Greek conjunction de or “moreover” signifies
the further development of the subject. The Greek word translated as “rumors”
or “reports” indicates something that is HEARD.
The stress is on the content of what the disciples
will HEAR, and “reports of wars” reiterates the point. The issue is
not whether wars will occur, or whether the reports are correct, but that deceivers
will spread “rumors of wars” and thereby raise false expectations about
the imminence of the “end.”
CALAMITIES AS SIGNS
Jesus affirmed that human and natural
catastrophes will occur, including earthquakes, wars, political upheavals,
famines, plagues, and “terrors and great signs from heaven,” but his disciples
must “not be alarmed” when they see or hear of such events.
Chaos and violence have characterized every
era of human history; therefore, events of this sort cannot be used to
calculate the timing of the “end” - (“The end is not yet”). At
most, they constitute a “beginning of birth pains,” harbingers pointing
to the eventual end of this age, evidence that the present world order cannot
continue forever.
Jesus acknowledged that such things do and will occur, but he never called them “signs” or designated them as chronological keys for forecasting the future.
In Scripture, the analogy of “birth pains”
is used to illustrate the suddenness and inevitability of judgment and destruction.
But nowhere did Jesus predict any increase in the frequency or intensity of said
calamities in the immediate years prior to his return - (Isaiah 26:17, 66:8,
Jeremiah 6:24, 13:21, Hosea 13:13, 1 Thessalonians 5:1-3).
Attempts to calculate future milestones by
wars, earthquakes, and the like are problematic - They occur in the world with
regularity. What distinguishes one war or earthquake from another in its
prophetic relevance?
In the version of the Discourse in the Gospel
of Luke, an interesting element is added: “Many will come in my
name, saying, I am he, and the SEASON IS AT HAND.” This confirms that deceivers
and “false prophets” will point to wars, earthquakes, and famines as
evidence that the final “SEASON” or Kairos is at hand - (Luke
21:8-9).
What “season” did he mean? Jesus
warned that no one “knows the day and hour” when the “Son of Man”
will arrive except “the Father.” Disciples must “watch and pray, for
you know not when the SEASON (kairos) is. That is the “season”
for which “false prophets” and other deceivers will claim foreknowledge
based on the “signs of the times.”
Jesus did not provide any “signs” by
which his disciples could ascertain the nearness of the end, but he did warn them NOT
to heed claims by deceivers based on things like “wars” and “earthquakes.”
Ironically, the very presence and activities of such deceivers provide indisputable
proof that the “Last Days” are underway - (Matthew 24:36, Mark
13:32-33).
In the interim between the ascension and
return of Jesus, “MANY false prophets will arise and deceive MANY.” In the
Greek clause, the term rendered “many” has the definite article or “the,
and it refers to the same group, “THE MANY” that will be deceived by “false
prophets.” Moreover, the word is emphatic in the Greek sentence - (Matthew
24:11-12, Mark 13:9-13).
Hence, according to Jesus, “MANY deceivers” and “false
prophets” will work to mislead his followers about the future and the “coming
of the Son of Man.” However, what counts, in the end, is persevering in
tribulations and bearing faithful witness until the very moment when Jesus
returns since “he who endures to the end will be saved.”
